Page 158 - الكيمياء كتاب الطالب للصف 11 الفصل 1

a Fa ] £`q z5 0-a c>Va ¿ 1:M w, &a W>a ¿ ² yfy^a

S= ±R D= R R a=9 ^0 ÔQ ± ¹P4 ± “Ÿ-Ÿ’ ÎÒP ± d R= M± ¹b:4 ± Nhb E=:9 ´C 920

S= R ZÛ R E: R E ¹C4: ± ÑQ c9 ^0 Ò ˜E;Û=4 E7 R2 (HI) Ò (I ) Ò (H )
2 2 бS „± F C
˜Ð±S „± P; ¹b= ±Ò `= Ò»P=< ± S= ±R ²Rh ^jC c9 `= Ò»P=< ± P ¹b
:Equilibrium constant, K c
–3 2
[HI] 2 ( 8.64 10 ) ¹±b: ± S= ±R ²Rh ^jC
x
[H ][I] ( 0.68 10 )( 0.68 10 )
–3 = 161
=
2 2 x –3 x c9 CÕ b 7 E C; ±
S= ±R F C C:< 160 ` E R E= R7 E C E:= d24 E ¹C4: ± ÑQ Э Y ¹±b: ± S= ±R ²Rh ^jC
˜E=g±P „± –HIÒ –I Ò –H ÑQ ` ^ Ò –E9 C6 : ±
2 2 ½M CÕ b R Ðb8 S= ±R ±
ËR ± R=/ G= –Equilibrium constant (K ) бS „± F C c: F C ± ±Q Ò
c d ´„b: ± ¹P ÔÒC
˜´C C ± d S= ±R ± _= ϱP ± Û_ P a ­ c ¯ "c" d96 ± ˜E Ò¼b: ± E ¹C4: ±
´ Ú C4 Ò E C; ±Ò E9 C6 : ± ¹±b:9 бS „± S= ±R Z (K ) X R E2= E E:
Û
c бS „± E ¹C4
.Equilibrium expression бS „± E ¹C4ð c: Ò –E ¹C4:9 dgC=:=8 ± D C; ± :Equilibrium expression
Û
¤d Š± ÏC4 ± ^ C6 ± c ¯ E ; C бS „± F C X R E
E9 C6 : ± ¹±b: ± S= ±R (K )
mA + nB ⇌ pC + qD c
D C; ± ´ Ú C4 Ò E C; ±Ò
–E Ò¼b: ± E=gC=:=8 ± E ¹C4: ± d ³¹b b: ± ´„b: ± ¹P q Ò –p Ò –n Ò –m ^ : G= ’ ˜E ¹C4:9 dgC=:=8 ±

“E ¹C4:9 dgC=:=8 ± D C; ± ´ Ú C4 Ô­
¤d Š± b ; ± c9 бS „± F C E ¹C4 D 8Ù _<
Û
C [] [ D] q
p
K = A [] [ B] n ¹±b: ± S= ±R Э RÛ Q ¦
c
m
d Ðb8 E C; ±
D E C; ± ³¹C: ± S= R –(numerator) X ±
¹±b: ± S= ±R Ðb8 Ò
p q D E C; ± ³¹C: ± ´„b ¹P ÏC7: ± d E9 C6 : ±
[C] [D]
K = B E9 C6 : ± ³¹C: ± ´„b ¹P .(denominator)
c
m
[A] [B] n
бS „± E ¹C4 ` Û :1 „ ¦
E9gC ± Ò­ E 90 ± ¹±b: ±
B E9 C6 : ± ³¹C: ± S= R
´ C6 ± d E=7; ±
E C E C; ±Ò E9 C6 : ± ¹±b: ± Ðb8 C P; (K ) ²C E ¹C4: ± ÑQ ÏP Ù ÐM E C : ± R=
c
ÑQ ^ C Û_ –E 9j ³¹C `:1 d ± бS „± ´„¹C4 d ˜´±¼C Ò­ ^= C Ò­ P; E C P4 C S= ±R
Û
^= c94 ˜³R= C< =: F C b Ò c CÕ C c7 C S= R ÐM ] ºÒ –E 90 ± ³¹C: ± ˜E;=4 ³»±R E »¹
F C E ¹C4 `:1 „ ¦
¤d Š± ^ C6 ± c ¯ E ; C –ÎC : ±
ÎC d «C: ± бS „±
2+
3+
+
Ag (aq) + Fe (aq) ⇌ Ag(s) + Fe (aq) d D Q: a ±P ±
^3 ÑS= R ÐM ^ C6 ±
¤Ð±S „± F C E ¹C4 Ðb8 ˜CÕ C
3+
[Fe ]
K =
2
c [Ag ][Fe]
+ +

›Ÿ