Page 115 - الكيمياء كتاب الطالب للصف 11 الفصل 1

z yfy^a G 1 a £ a a -%ra

E=: C ± ´C R: ±
Ò­ ´C b ­ ]9 : „ C< M ] ºÒ –«C R<8 ± ^jb „ E2= E= S D= ±R ]9 : d ±Ò CÕ=: C E2 ±R : ± ¹±b: ±

˜C< =; d E R ´C ÒR 8 ¯

α@

Э `= d –«C: ± d Ïb ¹b0 ± ´C R ²ÒQ ˜¹ E2 ±R ± Ãb G= ` E= Š± ´C „± ·R ± ›£
˜²ÒQ „ F R 8 ± R0; ˜³¹b b: ±
–«C: ± d (CH CH CH OH) Îb C ÒR ± ²ÒQ ˜Ê ÔÒC »C<0 ± E »¹ Ïb=; b M± P= ­ ]9 : .­
3 2 2
d ²ÒQ „ (CH CH CH ) ÐC ÒR ± Э `= d
3 2 3 »C c ¯ Ïb=; b M± P »b9 ÎÛb C:;= 2980Û&
˜«C: ± .178 Û& ÔÒC ³»±R E »¹ P;
–«C R<8 ± dgC: ± `= ÒP=< ± P »b9 Îb9 ^jb ˜Ò C P; «C R<8 ± Ïb= =; C: ± P »b9 ^jb ˜²
^jb „ `= Ò»P=< ± P »b9 ¼C Э `= d Ðb8 C P; C<9jb „ `= d –±Õ»b<0 Ðb8
˜«C R<8 ± ˜CÕ 9j

d –CÕ 9j Ðb8 C P; «C R<8 ± P P ± ^jb ˜¶
„ D90 ± d b M± (II) P P ± P »b9 Э `=
˜«C R<8 ± ^jb

ogýmgdgbTÐ ‚<Ðí|TÐ âЍhÌ

ow}c`TÐ o\<Ð|TÐ ogdvm–™TÐ o\<Ð|TÐ oghwúÐ o\<Ð|TÐ

én›Y én›Y

Fe NaCl
p]=Ð}UÐ ph˜]S ngLЎiÌ
phewn—šUÐ

UÎ ‹—bf>
phbHnfšUÐ p]=Ð}UÐ phewn—šUÐ p]=Ð}UÐ

én›Y
+

NH
ph˜]S }hQ phewn—> ph˜]S phewn—> 4
p]=Ð}UÐ p]=Ð}UÐ p]=Ð}UÐ
én›Y én›Y
phewn—šUÐ phewn—šUÐ phewn—šUÐ
H HCl ph?ƛUÐ phýnf›UÐ pxØnAúÐ
2
én›Y én›Y én›Y
1Ł1 2ő2 Cl–Cl

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