Page 135 - الكيمياء كتاب الطالب للصف 11 الفصل 1

` 3 ) ¿ -6] ĐM V £ N 1a -%ra

P ? ± ¹P V7 –^ C7: ± d ˜P ? P P P ± Э Ô­ ¤(3 – 2 = +1 ) +1 »±P7: P P Ðb ­ ^8 P ? ± ¹P ¹±¼

`= Ò»P=< ±Ò `= M± ´±Û»Q P ? ± ¹±P ­ CÛ ­ ˜ÎSÙ ± P S=; ;: ± Э Ô­ ¤(2 – 7 = –5) –5 »±P7: S=; ;: ± ³Û»Q
˜„S Ù _ Ò ±P ? _ `= Ò»P=< ±Ò `= M± Э d;4 ÔQ ± R M± –RÛ=5 _9

¤^ C6 ± ±Q d

˜R ¬ _= P ? ± ¹P P S a M –P Ú @ ^ C4 (VII) ´C; ;: ± Ðb ­ ^:4 ¦
˜ R ¬ _= P ? ± ¹P V7;Ù a M –Î Ú S ^ C4 (II) P P ± Ðb ­ ^:4 Ò ¦

C<4 ^ C6 d ± ÓR M± Û¹±b:9 CÕ7 Ò E Ú S ^ ±b Ò­ ³P Ú @ ^ ±b4 «±b ^:4 Э Û¹±b: ± ` R= 89 `8: Ò
^ C4 “`= Ò»P=< ± P= ÒR= ’ `= Ò»P=< ± P= ­ Ìb ^:4 Э `8: –ÎC : ± ^= c94 ˜´ C6 ± ÑQ ËÒR3 Ò
¤d Š± b ; ± c9 Î Ú S ^ C Ò­ P Ú @

2Fe + H O + 2H ĺ 2Fe + 2H O ¤PÚ @ ^ C4
3+
+
2+
2 2 2
P ? ± ¹±P ­ +2 –1 +3 –2
2Fe + H O + 2OH ĺ 2Fe + 2H O + O ¤ÎÚS ^ C4
3+
–
2+
2 2 2 2
P ? ± ¹±P ­ +3 –1 +2 0
α@

Û^ d R º Z ’ E= Š± ´„¹C4: ± ` Û^ d Û X C< d ± ´C b M± Ò­ ´±Û»Q9 P ? ± ¹±P ­ d RÛ=5 ± H ; ± ˜­ ž
¤“αS ± Ò­ ³P ­ µP ±º¯ C E C

–
–
2I + Br ĺ I + 2Br ˜›
2 2
(NH ) Cr O ĺ N + 4H O + Cr O ˜œ
4 2 2 7 2 2 2 3
–
As O + 2I + 2H O ĺ As O + 4H + 4I ˜
+
2 3 2 2 2 5
.­ E=gS ± d ³¹»±b ± ´ C6 ± d Î Ú S : ± ^ C4 ±Ò P Ú @: ± ^ C4 ± ¹ÛP ˜²
“D C; ± ÏP ’ d ±Q ± αS „± — ³P M± ^ C6 E=:9 ´C 920

³P M± ^ C6 c: αS „±Ò ³P M± ´ C6 ` Ãb; RjC;4 ± W4 Z1 αS „±Ò ³P M±
´ C6 ± ` Ãb; ± ±Q P: 4 Ò –Disproportionation “D C; ± ÏP ’ d ±Q ± αS „±Ò “D C; ± ÏP ’ d ±Q ±
ÎS Ò E66 E b9 ³¹C Z »b98 ± ^ C6 –ÎC : ± ^= c94 ˜³»±R ± E »¹ c9 CÕ C= ­ :Disproportionation
µP dgC=:= ^ C6
(I) ´±»b98 ± ´C b ­ CÕ b8 R Š± C<14 P ? Ò –(Cl ) P »b98 ± ´C b ­ E b8 a ±»º W4
–
αS ±Ò ³P ­ a=
¤E= Š± E ¹C4: ± d N Û hb b C: –a 6 ^ C6 ± d (ClO ) F »b9 b =< ± Ò­ ˜C< 6 ³¹C:9 `=Ø; ±S
–
Cl (aq) + 2NaOH(aq) ĺ NaCl(aq) + NaClO(aq) + H O(l)
2 2
dØ Û=9: “^06; ^8 d ’ ÐC hbÙ –E ¹C4 —dØ60 c ¯ ±Q αS ±—³P M± ^ C6 E= b M± E ¹C4: ± _= 7 `8:
˜³P M±Ò αS „±

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