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        <div id="content-top1">Page 96 - ulum_g10</div>
        <div id="content-top2">P. 96</div>
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    <pre style="white-space:pre-line"><code>Â¿CGh , Ã¡Ã¦Ã«Â°Ã»dG Ã¡Ã‘LÆ’e Ã‰Â¡fCG Ã³Lh Ã¡âˆÃ Î¼dGh Ã¡Ã¦Ã«Â°Ã»dG Ã¥Â«M Ã¸e Ã¡Â©Â°TCâ€™G âˆšÃ²g Â¢UGÆ’N Ã¡Â°SGQO iÃ³dh
âˆ‚dÃ²H Â»gh , ÃšLhQÃ³Â«Â¡dG RÃ‰Z Æ’g â‰ jÃ´Ã˜Ã dG Ã¡HÆ’Ã‘fCG â€˜ OÆ’LÆ’Å¸G RÃ‰Â¨dG Â¿Æ’Î¼j Ã‰eÃ³Ã¦Y Ã¡âˆÃ c Ã‰gÃ´Â¨Â°UCGh Ã‰Â¡Â£Â°Ã¹HCG

                        . Protons Ã¤Ã‰fÆ’JhÃ´H Ã‰Â¡Â«âˆY â‰¥âˆWCG Ã³bh ,( H+) ÃšLhQÃ³Â«Â¡dG Ã¤Ã‰fÆ’jCG Ï€Ã£â€œ

                   Ã–â‰¤Ã£e Â§Ã‘Â¡Ãƒ â‰ jÃ´Ã˜J Ã¡HÆ’Ã‘fGC : (6-3) Ï€Î¼Â°Ã»dG

                                                                       OQÆ’aQPQ Ã¡HÃ´Å’
                                                           ÂºË˜Ë˜Ë˜ÂªË˜Ë˜Ë˜Â°U Î©1911 Î©Ã‰Ë˜Ë˜Ë˜Y â€˜
                                                           Ã¢Â°Ã¹fQGE â€¦Ã³Ë˜Ë˜Ã¦Ë˜Ë˜âˆË˜Ë˜jRÆ’Ë˜Ë˜Â«Ë˜Ë˜Ã¦Ë˜Ë˜dG â„Ã‰Ë˜Ë˜Â©Ë˜Ë˜dG
                                                           Ernest Rutherford OQÆ’aQPQ
                                                           Ã¡Â«cP Ã¡HÃ´Å’ Â¬jÃ³YÃ‰Â°Ã¹e Ã¸e OÃ³Yh
                                                           , Ã¤GQÃ²dG Ã–Â«cÃ´J â‰ˆâˆY Â±Ã´Â©Ã âˆd
                                                           âˆšÃ²Ë˜Ë˜Ë˜g (7-3) Ï€Ë˜Ë˜Ë˜Î¼Ë˜Ë˜Ë˜Â°Ã»dG ÃšÃ‘Ë˜Ë˜Ë˜jh

                                                                              . Ã¡HÃ´Ã©Ã dG

                 OQÆ’aQPQ Ã¡HÃ´Å’ : (7-3) Ï€Î¼Â°Ã»dG
Î©Æ’Â«fÆ’dÆ’Ã‘dG Ã¸e Ã¡Ã¦Â«Y Ã¸e Ã‰Â«FÃ‰â‰¤âˆJ ÃªÃ´Ã®j Ã‰Ã˜dCG (â‰¥FÃ‰bO) Ã¡Â©Â°TCG Ã¸e Â´Ã‰Â©Â°T Â§Â«âˆÂ°Ã¹J Ã¡HÃ´Ã©Ã dG âˆšÃ²g â€˜ â€ Ã³â‰¤d
Ã–gÃ²dG Ã¤GQÃ²H Ã‰Ã˜dCG â‰¥FÃ‰bO Î©OÃ‰Â°Ã¼J â€¦OÆ’D j Â¿CG â„¢bÆ’Ã Å¸G Ã¸e Â¿Ã‰ch . Ã–gÃ²dG Ã¸e GÃ³L Ã¡â‰¤Â«bQ Ã¡Ã«Â«Ã˜Â°U Æ’Ã«f â„¢Â°Ã»Å¸G
Ã¡Â«Â°Ã¹jQÆ’âˆÃ˜dG Ã¡Â°TÃ‰Â°Ã»dG Ã¸e AGÃµLCG ÃœÃ´Â°â€ Ã d Ã“Â«âˆb Ã‰Ã˜dCG â‰¥FÃ‰bO âˆšÃ‰Å’G Ã’Â«Â¨J Â¤GE Ã¡Ã«Â«Ã˜Â°Ã¼dG â€˜ Ã–gÃ²dG Ã¤GQP Â¢â€ Â©H hCG
Ã¸e Ã“Â«âˆb GAÃµL Â¿CG ÃŸMâ€™ Ã³â‰¤a ,Â¬Â©bÆ’Ã j Ã¸Î¼j â„ Ã´NBG Ã‰Ã„Â«Â°T ÃŸMâ€™ OQÆ’aQPQ Ã¸Î¼dh , Ã–gÃ²dG Ã¡Ã˜Â«Ã«Â°Ã¼H Ã¡Â£Â«Ã™G
Â§Ã®H Ã‰eGE Ã‰gQÃ‰Â°Ã¹e â€˜ Ã¤Ã´ÂªÃ Â°SGh Ã¡Ã«Â«Ã˜Â°Ã¼dG Ã¢bÃŽNG Ã³b â‰¥FÃ‰bÃ³dG ÂºÂ¶Â©e Â¿CGh , Ã¡Ã«Â«Ã˜Â°Ã¼dG Ã¸Y Ã³JQG Ã‰Ã˜dCG â‰¥FÃ‰bO

                                                       . Ã‰gQÃ‰Â°Ã¹e Ã¸Y Â±GÃ´Ã«fÃ‰H Ã‰eGE h ÂºÂ«â‰¤Ã Â°Ã¹e

95</code></pre>
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