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        <div id="content-top1">Page 146 - ulum_g10</div>
        <div id="content-top2">P. 146</div>
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    <pre style="white-space:pre-line"><code>Ï€YÃ‰Ã˜J â‰ˆÂªÂ°Ã¹jh , ÃªhOÃµÅ¸G âˆ«Ã“MEâ€™G Ã¤Ã“YÃ‰Ã˜J âˆ«Ã‰Î¼Â°TCG Ã³MCG Ã³YGÆ’â‰¤dGh Â¢VÃ‰ÂªMCâ€™G ÃšH Ï€YÃ‰Ã˜Ã dG ÃˆÃ Â©jh

Ã³jQÆ’Ë˜âˆË˜c âˆ«Æ’Ë˜âˆï¬ Ã‰Ë˜fÆ’Ë˜Î¼Ë˜e âˆ‚jQÆ’Ë˜âˆË˜chQÃ³Ë˜Â«Ë˜g Â¢â€ ÂªË˜M â„¢Ë˜e Î©Æ’Ë˜jOÆ’Ë˜Â°Ã¼dG Ã³Ë˜Â«Ë˜Â°Ã¹chQÃ³Ë˜Â«Ë˜g Ï€Ë˜YÃ‰Ë˜Ã˜Ë˜Ã Ë˜j Ã“Ë˜Ã£Ë˜ÂªË˜a ,âˆ«OÃ‰Ë˜Â©Ë˜Ã Ë˜dG

                                                 : Î©Æ’jOÆ’Â°Ã¼dG

NaOH + HCl            NaCl + H O
                                              2

                                                                 Â¿Æ’HÃ´Î¼dG Ã¤Ã‰Ã‘cÃ´e Ã¤Ã“YÃ‰Ã˜J

Ã¡jÆ’Â°â€ Â©dG AÃ‰Ë˜Â«Ë˜ÂªË˜Â«Ë˜Î¼Ë˜dG â‰ˆË˜Ë˜ÂªË˜Ë˜Â°Ã¹J Ã‰Ë˜Ë˜Â¡Ë˜Ë˜Â°UGÆ’Ë˜Ë˜Nh Â¿Æ’Ë˜Ë˜HÃ´Ë˜Ë˜Î¼Ë˜Ë˜dG â‰ˆË˜Ë˜âˆË˜Ë˜Y â€¦Æ’Ë˜Ë˜Ã â€“ Â»Ë˜Ë˜Ã Ë˜Ë˜dG Ã¤Ã‰Ë˜Ë˜Ã‘Ë˜Ë˜cÃ´Å¸G Ã¡Ë˜Ë˜Â°SGQO Â¿EG
Â¿Æ’HÃ´Î¼dG Ã³Â«Â°Ã¹cCG âˆ«hCG Ï€Ã£e) Â¿Æ’HÃ´Î¼dG â‰ˆâˆY â€¦Æ’Ã â€“ Â»Ã dG Ã¤Ã‰Ã‘cÃ´Å¸G Ã¸e Ã“Â«âˆb Â¿EG . Organic chemistry
âˆ‚dÃ‰Ã¦g Â¿CG â€™GE , Ã¡jÆ’Â°â€ Y Ã¤Ã‰Ã‘cÃ´e ÃˆÃ Â©J â€™ (Ã´Â°UÃ‰Ã¦Â©dG Ã¤Ã‰fÆ’HÃ´Î¼Â«Hh Ã¤Ã‰fÆ’HÃ´ch Â¿Æ’HÃ´Î¼dG Ã³Â«Â°Ã¹cCG ÃŠÃ‰Kh
â‰ˆâˆY â€¦Æ’Ã â€“ Ã¡jÆ’Â°â€ Y Ã¤Ã‰Ã‘cÃ´e Ã¤Ã‰fÆ’HÃ´chQÃ³Â«Â¡dGh , Ã¡jÆ’Â°â€ Y Ã¤Ã‰Ã‘cÃ´e Â»g iÃ´NCâ€™G Ã¤Ã‰Ã‘cÃ´Å¸G ÃšjÃ“e
, IQGÃ´Ã«âˆd IOQÃ‰Â£dG Â¥GÃŽMâ€™G Ã¤Ã“YÃ‰Ã˜J â€˜ OÆ’bÆ’c Ã‰Â¡Ã¦e 95 % Ï€Â¨Ã Â°Ã¹jh , ÃšLhQÃ³Â«Â¡dGh Â¿Æ’HÃ´Î¼dG

      . Ï€â‰¤Ã¦dG Â§FÃ‰Â°Sh Ã’Â«Â°Ã¹J â€˜h (Â¢SQGÃ³Å¸Gh Ï€ÂªÂ©dG Ã¸cÃ‰eCGh âˆ«RÃ‰Ã¦Å¸G) Ã¡Ã„aÃ³Ã dG â€˜ Ã¡bÃ‰Â£dG âˆšÃ²g Ï€ÂªÂ©Ã Â°Ã¹Jh

Â¿Æ’HÃ´chQÃ³Â«g + ÃšÃ©Â°Ã¹cGC  Â¿Æ’HÃ´Î¼dG Ã³Â«Â°Ã¹cGC ÃŠÃ‰K + AÃ‰e + Ã¡jQGÃ´M Ã¡bÃ‰W

                      Î©Ã‰Ë˜Ã Ë˜dG Â¥GÃŽMâ€™G Ï€Ë˜YÃ‰Ë˜Ã˜Ë˜J Ã§Ã³Ë˜Ã«Ë˜jh
                      Ã¸e Ã¡Â«aÃ‰c Ã¡Â«Âªc OÆ’Lh Ã³Ã¦Y OGÆ’Å¸G âˆšÃ²Â¡d
                      ÃŠÃ‰Kh AÃ‰Å¸G QÃ‰Ã®H Â¬Ã¦Y Ã¨Ã Ã¦jh ÃšÃ©Â°Ã¹cCâ€™G

                        . (8-5) Ï€Î¼Â°T , Â¿Æ’HÃ´Î¼dG Ã³Â«Â°Ã¹cCG

             Â¿Æ’HÃ´chQÃ³Â«Â¡dG Â¥GÃ´Ã MG : (8-5) Ï€Î¼Â°Ã»dG

   Ã¯Ã‘Â£dG RÃ‰Z Ã¤Ã‰fÆ’Î¼e Ã³MCG Æ’gh Ã¤Ã‰fÆ’HÃ´chQÃ³Â«Â¡dG Ã³MCG Æ’g C3H8 Â¿Ã‰HhÃˆdG RÃ‰Z Â¿CG Ã¢ÂªâˆY GPGE
                  .RÃ‰Â¨dG GÃ²g Â¥GÃŽMG Ï€YÃ‰Ã˜Ã d Ã¡fhRÆ’e Ã¡Â«FÃ‰Â«ÂªÂ«c Ã¡dOÃ‰Â©e Ã–Ã cÃ‰a âˆ«RÃ‰Ã¦Å¸G â€˜ Î©Ã³Ã®Ã Â°Ã¹Å¸G

145</code></pre>
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